GynecologyGynecologyГинекология2079-56962079-5831Consilium Medicum4242810.26442/20795696.2020.5.200440REVIEWОБЗОРResearch ArticleCurrent views on the molecular mechanisms of the initial stages of folliculogenesisСовременные воззрения на ранние этапы фолликулогенеза и механизмы формирования преждевременной недостаточности яичниковMarchenkoLarisa A.МарченкоЛариса Андреевна
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology

д-р мед. наук, проф., вед. науч. сотр. отд-ния гинекологической эндокринологии ФГБУ «НМИЦ АГП им. акад. В.И. Кулакова»

l.a.marchenko@yandex.ruMashaevaRoza I.МашаеваРоза Истановна
Russian Federation

Graduate Student, Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology

аспирант отд-ния гинекологической эндокринологии ФГБУ «НМИЦ АГП им. акад. В.И. Кулакова»

mashaevarosa@gmail.comChernukhaGalina E.ЧернухаГалина Евгеньевна
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology

д-р мед. наук, проф., ФГБУ «НМИЦ АГП им. акад. В.И. Кулакова»

g_chernukha@oparina4.ruKulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and PerinatologyФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава России23112020225576016082020Copyright ©; 2020, Consilium MedicumCopyright ©; 2020, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"2020Consilium MedicumООО "Консилиум Медикум"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://gynecology.orscience.ru/2079-5831/article/view/42428

The ovary is a unique structure of the female body, which simultaneously presents various morphohistological units-from primordial to dominant follicles. Over the past decades, scientists have focused on studying the mechanisms of folliculogenesis at the gonadotropin-dependent stage. While more complex and lengthy processes that determine the fate of the follicle occur from the moment of their recruitment to the preantral stage of maturity (about 290 days), another 60 days pass before the dominant maturity. Currently, it has been proved that intercellular communication is established within the follicle, which involves a bidirectional exchange of information between the oocyte and its “companions” – granulose and Teka cells through auto-and paracrine interactions using various genes, growth factors and cytokines. The purpose of this review was to study intrafollicular factors that control the early stages of folliculogenesis and other disorders that may ultimately lead to the development of premature ovarian failure.

Яичник – уникальная структура женского организма, в которой одновременно представлены различные морфогистологические единицы – от примордиальных до доминантных фолликулов. В последние десятилетия внимание ученых направлено на изучение механизмов фолликулогенеза на гонадотропин-зависимой стадии. В то время как более сложные и продолжительные процессы, определяющие судьбу фолликула, происходят от момента их рекрутирования до преантральной стадии зрелости (около 290 дней), до доминантной зрелости проходит еще 60 дней. В настоящее время доказано, что внутри фолликула устанавливается межклеточная коммуникация, предполагающая двунаправленный обмен информацией между ооцитом и его «компаньонами» – гранулезными и тека-клетками посредством ауто- и паракринных взаимодействий c помощью различных генов, факторов роста и цитокинов. Цель обзора – изучить интрафолликулярные факторы, контролирующие ранние этапы фолликулогенеза, и их нарушения, которые в конечном счете могут привести к развитию преждевременной недостаточности яичников.

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