GynecologyGynecologyГинекология2079-56962079-5831Consilium Medicum5085910.26442/20795696.2020.5.200423REVIEWОБЗОРReview ArticleOmega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in supporting pregnancy and fetal development: dosing considerationsОмега-3-полиненасыщенные жирные кислоты в поддержке беременности и развития плода: вопросы дозированияhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7663-710X70035898126317-9833GromovaOlga A.ГромоваОльга Алексеевна
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Federal Research Center “Informatics and Management”

д-р мед. наук, проф., вед. науч. сотр., науч. рук. Института фармакоинформатики ФИЦ ИУ РАН

unesco.gromova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2659-799870033002741375-1114TorshinIvan Iu.ТоршинИван Юрьевич
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Federal Research Center “Informatics and Management”

канд. хим. наук, ст. науч. сотр. Института фармакоинформатики ФИЦ ИУ РАН

unesco.gromova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1665-1188GrishinaTatiana R.ГришинаТатьяна Романовна
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Ivanovo State Medical Academy

д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. фармакологии ФГОУ ВО ИвГМА

unesco.gromova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2521-08246257-4400MaliavskaiaSvetlana I.МалявскаяСветлана Ивановна
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Northern State Medical University

д-р мед. наук, проф., проректор по научной работе ФГБОУ ВО СГМУ

unesco.gromova@gmail.comFederal Research Center “Informatics and Management”Федеральный исследовательский центр «Информатика и управление» РАНIvanovo State Medical AcademyФГБОУ ВО «Ивановская государственная медицинская академия» Минздрава РоссииNorthern State Medical UniversityФГБОУ ВО «Северный государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России2311202022561692211202022112020Copyright ©; 2020, Consilium MedicumCopyright ©; 2020, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"2020Consilium MedicumООО "Консилиум Медикум"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://gynecology.orscience.ru/2079-5831/article/view/50859

Being complex regulators of inflammation processes omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are vitally important for supporting pregnancy and fetal development. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are the most important omega-3-PUFAs. The article presents the results of a systematic analysis of 1973 studies of dose-dependent effects of DHA and EPA in nutritional support of pregnancy. The analysis results suggest that DHA/EPA donations for pregnant women are effective only in doses of at least 200 mg/day. According to the analysis results, the optimal doses of DHA/EPA are in the 400- to 800-mg/day range. The dose of omega-3-PUFA for a particular patient can be assessed by the measurement of the DHA and EPA levels in the erythrocyte membrane. To achieve specific therapeutic effects (for example, lowering triglyceride levels, therapy for postpartum depression, etc.), higher doses of omega-3-PUFAs (3–5 g/day) may be required. With an adequate choice of dosing regimen, DHA / EPA donations have a beneficial effect on the somatic health of women of reproductive age, help to prevent pregnancy complications and determine the child development program in the subsequent years of life. DHA/EPA drugs are effective in the adjuvant therapy of various chronic disorders.

Омега-3-полиненасыщенные жирные кислоты (ПНЖК), являясь комплексными регуляторами процессов воспаления, принципиально важны для поддержки беременности и развития плода. Докозагексаеновая кислота (ДГК) и эйкозапентаеновая кислота (ЭПК) являются наиболее важными представителями омега-3-ПНЖК. Представлены результаты систематического анализа 1973 исследований дозозависимых эффектов ДГК и ЭПК в нутрициальной поддержке беременности. Результаты анализа позволяют утверждать, что дотации ДГК/ЭПК беременным эффективны только в дозах не менее 200 мг/сут. В соответствии с результатами проведенного анализа оптимальными представляются дозы ДГК/ЭПК в диапазоне 400–800 мг/сут. Доза омега-3-ПНЖК для конкретного пациента может быть оценена на основании измерений уровней ДГК и ЭПК в мембранах эритроцитов. Для достижения специфических терапевтических эффектов (например, снижения уровней триглицеридов, терапии послеродовой депрессии и др.) могут потребоваться более высокие дозы омега-3-ПНЖК (3–5 г/сут). При адекватном выборе режима дозирования дотации ДГК/ЭПК положительно влияют на соматическое здоровье женщин репродуктивного возраста, способствуют профилактике осложнений беременности и определяют программу развития ребенка в последующие годы жизни. Препараты ДГК/ЭПК эффективны в адъювантной терапии различных хронических патологий.

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