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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гинекология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2079-5696</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2079-5831</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">634162</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/20795696.2024.3.202894</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Heavy menstrual bleeding and anemia: The problem is growing and requires a solution. A review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Обильные менструальные кровотечения и анемия: проблема нарастает и требует решения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9065-5689</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernukha</surname><given-names>Galina E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернуха</surname><given-names>Галина Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф., гл. науч. сотр. отд-ния гинекологической эндокринологии</p></bio><email>g_chernukha@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. акад. В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>260</fpage><lpage>269</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-07-09"><day>09</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://gynecology.orscience.ru/2079-5831/article/view/634162">https://gynecology.orscience.ru/2079-5831/article/view/634162</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Anemia is a global health problem, affecting about a quarter of the world's population, especially women of reproductive age and young children. In 50–75% of cases, anemia is secondary to iron deficiency (ID). Despite the high prevalence of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), the associated iron deficiency disorders are underestimated, although they sharply reduce the quality of life and carry significant risks for the mother, fetus and newborn in case of pregnancy. For this purpose, routine screening of girls and women of reproductive age for the presence of ID and anemia is recommended. The new FIGO initiative aims to raise awareness among women and clinicians about the relationship between HMB and ID conditions. Of key importance are: early diagnosis of HMB, elimination of the possible cause, identification of associated iron deficiency disorders, especially preclinical forms. The main task of the gynecologist is to prescribe therapy aimed at quickly stopping high monthly iron losses and replenishing the existing ID. According to Russian clinical guidelines, combined oral contraceptives and an intrauterine system with levonorgestrel are considered first-line therapy to reduce the volume of menstrual blood loss in patients with HMB who require contraception. Qlaira® and Mirena® are the only hormonal drugs registered for contraception and the treatment of HMB not associated with structural disorders of the uterus, since their high effectiveness in reducing menstrual blood loss, restoring hemoglobin and ferritin levels has been confirmed in studies with a high level of evidence.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Анемия – одна из глобальных проблем здравоохранения, затрагивающая около 1/4 мирового населения, особенно женщин репродуктивного возраста и детей раннего возраста. В 50–75% случаев анемия является вторичной по отношению к железодефициту (ЖД). Несмотря на высокую распространенность обильных менструальных кровотечений (ОМК), связанные с ними железодефицитные расстройства недооцениваются, хотя резко снижают качество жизни и несут значительные риски для матери, плода и новорожденного в случае наступления беременности. С этой целью рекомендуется рутинный скрининг девушек и женщин репродуктивного возраста на наличие ЖД и анемии. Новая инициатива FIGO призвана повысить осведомленность женщин и клиницистов о взаимосвязи ОМК и железодефицитных состояний. Ключевое значение имеют: ранняя диагностика ОМК, устранение возможной причины, выявление связанных с ней железодефицитных нарушений, особенно доклинических форм. Главной задачей гинеколога является назначение терапии, направленной на быстрое прекращение высоких ежемесячных потерь железа и восполнение имеющегося ЖД. Согласно Российским клиническим рекомендациям комбинированные оральные контрацептивы и внутриматочная система с левоноргестрелом относятся к терапии 1-й линии для снижения объема менструальной кровопотери у пациенток с ОМК, нуждающихся в контрацепции. Препараты Клайра® и Мирена® являются единственными гормональными препаратами, зарегистрированными для контрацепции и лечения ОМК, не связанных со структурными нарушениями матки, поскольку их значительный эффект в снижении менструальной кровопотери, восстановлении уровней гемоглобина и ферритина подтвержден в исследованиях с высоким уровнем доказательности.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heavy menstrual bleeding</kwd><kwd>iron deficiency</kwd><kwd>iron deficiency anemia</kwd><kwd>quality of life</kwd><kwd>menstrual blood loss</kwd><kwd>ferritin</kwd><kwd>combined oral contraceptive</kwd><kwd>estradiol valerate/dienogest</kwd><kwd>levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обильное менструальное кровотечение</kwd><kwd>дефицит железа</kwd><kwd>железодефицитная анемия</kwd><kwd>качество жизни</kwd><kwd>менструальная кровопотеря</kwd><kwd>ферритин</kwd><kwd>комбинированный оральный контрацептив</kwd><kwd>эстрадиола валерат/диеногест</kwd><kwd>внутриматочная система с левоноргестрелом</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared with the support of Bayer.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена при поддержке компании «Байер».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>WHO. 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