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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гинекология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2079-5696</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2079-5831</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">655981</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/20795696.2025.1.203179</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Current approaches to diagnosing and preventing endometrial hyperplasia: A review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современные подходы к диагностике и профилактике гиперплазии эндометрия</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5541-3767</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Ирина Всеволодовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф., президент Международной ассоциации гинекологов, эндокринологов и терапевтов, зам. ген. дир. по научно-исследовательской работе</p></bio><email>ms.smith.ivk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4183-1252</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vedzizheva</surname><given-names>Elina R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ведзижева</surname><given-names>Элина Руслановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, врач – акушер-гинеколог</p></bio><email>ms.smith.ivk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Vitbiomed+ LLC</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «Витбиомед+»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pletnev City Clinical Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница им. Д.Д. Плетнева» Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-02-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>73</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-14"><day>14</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://gynecology.orscience.ru/2079-5831/article/view/655981">https://gynecology.orscience.ru/2079-5831/article/view/655981</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of endometrial hyperplasia (EH) has been relevant for many years, primarily due to the association of abnormal endometrial proliferation with uterus malignancies. Endometrial cancer (EC) risk factors are known, with benign EH being one of the most important, while atypical EH is more likely to be a prognostic factor for the development of adenocarcinoma. The main clinical symptom of EH is abnormal uterine bleeding, but this symptom is not specific and occurs in many gynecological and non-gynecological conditions. In order to avoid unnecessary invasive interventions, clinical and laboratory criteria are being developed for selecting patients with a high risk of EH/endometrial neoplasia and for further diagnostic manipulations. The article discusses modern approaches to instrumental diagnosis and clinical assessment of risk factors in women of reproductive age and the postmenopausal period with and without symptoms of uterine bleeding. Treatment of EH, especially in the presence of cellular atypia, is challenging and not consistently effective, so prevention of EH and EC is the best strategic choice. For this purpose, combined oral contraceptives can be used due to their well-known carcinoprotective potential. The options for the choice of combined oral contraceptives most suitable for contraception in women at risk of EH and EC are given.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Проблема гиперплазии эндометрия (ГЭ) сохраняет свою значимость на протяжении многих лет прежде всего по причине связи патологической пролиферации эндометрия с развитием злокачественной опухоли матки. Факторы риска рака эндометрия (РЭ) известны, среди них важную роль играет доброкачественная ГЭ, тогда как атипическая ГЭ относится, скорее, к прогностическим факторам развития аденокарциномы. Основным клиническим симптомом ГЭ являются аномальные маточные кровотечения, однако данный симптом не специфичен и встречается при большом числе гинекологических и негинекологических заболеваний. Во избежание ненужных инвазивных вмешательств в мире разрабатываются клинико-лабораторные критерии, которые позволяют отбирать для дальнейших диагностических манипуляций пациенток с высоким риском ГЭ/неоплазии эндометрия. В статье обсуждаются современные подходы к инструментальной диагностике и клинической оценке факторов риска у женщин в репродуктивном периоде и постменопаузе с симптомами и без симптомов маточных кровотечений. Лечение ГЭ, особенно при наличии клеточной атипии, достаточно сложно и не всегда эффективно, поэтому профилактика ГЭ и РЭ представляется лучшим стратегическим выбором. С этой целью могут использоваться комбинированные оральные контрацептивы, канцеропротективный потенциал которых хорошо известен. Приводятся варианты выбора комбинированных оральных контрацептивов, наиболее подходящих для контрацепции у женщин с риском ГЭ и РЭ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endometrial hyperplasia</kwd><kwd>endometrial cancer</kwd><kwd>abnormal uterine bleeding</kwd><kwd>postmenopausal bleeding</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>combined oral contraceptives</kwd><kwd>progestins</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гиперплазия эндометрия</kwd><kwd>рак эндометрия</kwd><kwd>аномальные маточные кровотечения</kwd><kwd>постменопаузальные кровотечения</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>комбинированные оральные контрацептивы</kwd><kwd>прогестины</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Colombo N, Creutzberg C, Amant F, et al. ESMO-ESGO-ESTRO Consensus Conference on Endometrial Cancer: diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2016;27(1):16-41. 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