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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гинекология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2079-5696</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2079-5831</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">679782</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/20795696.2025.3.203382</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Ultrasound features of the internal genitalia functional anatomy in the early postmenarcheal period. A review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ультразвуковые особенности функциональной анатомии внутренних половых органов в период раннего постменархе</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9214-8923</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">3839-9145</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Istomina</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Истомина</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof. of Department Head</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук., доц. каф. акушерства и гинекологии</p></bio><email>a.n.baranov2011@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3010-2983</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Razdrogina</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Разрогина</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Graduate Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант каф. акушерства и гинекологии</p></bio><email>a.n.baranov2011@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2530-0379</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5935-5163</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. акушерства и гинекологии</p></bio><email>a.n.baranov2011@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Northern State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Северный государственный медицинский университет»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Northern State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Северный государственный медицинский университет»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>209</fpage><lpage>214</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-05-16"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-09-15"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://gynecology.orscience.ru/2079-5831/article/view/679782">https://gynecology.orscience.ru/2079-5831/article/view/679782</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Early postmenarche, the period from the first menstruation to the end of puberty, is a critical stage in the formation of reproductive function, during which the functional adjustment of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis occurs, providing a transition from anovulatory to ovulatory menstrual cycles. The purpose of the study was to summarize current data on the physiological mechanisms of the formation of ovulatory function and neuroendocrine regulation of the menstrual cycle, as well as to characterize the ultrasound features of the reproductive organs during this period. In this context, the emphasis should shift from formal signs to individual trajectories of menstrual cycle development and ovulatory function. Clinical and instrumental observations during this period should include regular evaluation of menstrual cycle characteristics, changes in ovarian volume and morphology over time, the presence of a dominant follicle, as well as the ovarian/uterine ratio. The presented data emphasize the importance of the early postmenarcheal period as a sensitive window for the diagnosis and potential correction of reproductive development disorders.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Раннее постменархе, период от первой менструации до окончания пубертата, представляет собой критический этап формирования репродуктивной функции, в течение которого происходит функциональная настройка оси «гипоталамус – гипофиз – яичники», обеспечивающая переход от ановуляторных к овуляторным менструальным циклам. Цель исследования – обобщить современные данные о физиологических механизмах становления овуляторной функции и нейроэндокринной регуляции менструального цикла, а также охарактеризовать эхографические особенности репродуктивных органов в этот период. В этом контексте акцент должен быть смещен с формальных признаков на индивидуальные траектории становления менструального цикла и овуляторной функции. Клинико-инструментальное наблюдение в этот период должно включать регулярную оценку характеристик менструального цикла, динамики объема и морфологии яичников, наличия доминантного фолликула, а также яичниково-маточного соотношения. Представленные сведения подчеркивают значимость раннего постменархе как чувствительного окна для диагностики и потенциальной коррекции нарушений репродуктивного развития.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adolescents</kwd><kwd>early postmenarche</kwd><kwd>ultrasound diagnosis</kwd><kwd>puberty</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>подростки</kwd><kwd>раннее постменархе</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковая диагностика</kwd><kwd>пубертат</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>De Sanctis V, Rigon F, Bernasconi S, et al. Age at Menarche and Menstrual Abnormalities in Adolescence: Does it Matter? 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