<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гинекология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2079-5696</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2079-5831</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">718325</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/20795696.2026.3.203836</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Overview of metabolomic aspects in perinatal depression. A review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Метаболомные исследования в диагностике и прогнозировании исходов перинатальной депрессии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0179-7635</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Iurova</surname><given-names>Mariia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрова</surname><given-names>Мария Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. ФГБУ «НМИЦ АГП им. акад. В.И. Кулакова», доц. каф. акушерства, гинекологии, перинатологии и репродуктологии Института профессионального образования ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский Университет)</p></bio><email>m_yurova@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6650-5915</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Starodubtseva</surname><given-names>Natalia L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стародубцева</surname><given-names>Наталия Леонидовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Assoc. Prof.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, доц., зав. лаб. клинической протеомики</p></bio><email>m_yurova@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1313-7079</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlovich</surname><given-names>Stanislav V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлович</surname><given-names>Станислав Владиславович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, ученый секретарь ФГБУ «НМИЦ АГП им. акад. В.И. Кулакова», проф. каф. акушерства, гинекологии, перинатологии и репродуктологии Института профессионального образования ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский Университет)</p></bio><email>m_yurova@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9780-4579</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Frankevich</surname><given-names>Vladimir E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Франкевич</surname><given-names>Владимир Евгеньевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Phys.-Math.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р физ.-мат. наук, зам. дир. Института трансляционной медицины </p></bio><email>m_yurova@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>185</fpage><lpage>190</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-09-24"><day>24</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-09-24"><day>24</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://gynecology.orscience.ru/2079-5831/article/view/718325">https://gynecology.orscience.ru/2079-5831/article/view/718325</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Perinatal depressive disorders are pathogenetically heterogeneous clinical conditions characterized by systemic metabolic dysregulation and represent a substantial burden on maternal and child healthcare systems; however, the accuracy and scope of traditional screening instruments remain limited. An analysis was conducted of the achievements in the field of omics-based diagnostics of perinatal depression (PND), and an analytical review of studies published between 2016 and 2026 was conducted, with targeted search for potential molecular patterns relevant to screening, diagnosis, and prediction of PND clinical outcomes. In several studies, metabolomic profiling revealed statistically significant differences in blood metabolite profiles of patients with PND, including differential levels of amino acids, gluconeogenesis substrates, neurotransmitter metabolism intermediates, and purine metabolism products (threonine, serine, ornithine/arginine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine and aminomalonic acid, threonate, sorbitol, glutamate, uric acid, glyoxylate, gluconate, glycerate and erythronate, glutathione disulfide, adenylsuccinate and adenosine triphosphate). Over the past decade, scientific interest has appropriately shifted toward objectifying the diagnostic process through integration of metabolome research as a high-throughput method that allows characterizing changes in the molecular profile and improving the accuracy of screening, diagnosis, and prediction of PND.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Депрессивные расстройства перинатального периода – патогенетически гетерогенные клинические состояния, которые характеризуются системной метаболической дисрегуляцией и становятся серьезным бременем для системы охраны материнского и детского здоровья, однако точность и диапазон применения традиционных инструментов скрининга ограничены. Проведен анализ данных современных метаболомных исследований в диагностике перинатальной депрессии (ПНД), выполнен аналитический обзор результатов исследований, опубликованных с 2016 по 2026 г., с прицельным поиском потенциальных молекулярных паттернов скрининга, диагностики и предикции клинических исходов ПНД. В ряде исследований метаболомный анализ выявил статистически значимые различия в профилях крови пациентов с ПНД по дифференцированному содержанию аминокислот, субстратов глюконеогенеза, метаболизма нейротрансмиттеров и пуринового обмена (треонин, серин, орнитин/аргинин, валин, лейцин, изолейцин, лизин и аминомалоновая кислота, треонат, сорбитол, глутамат, мочевая кислота, глиоксилат, глюконат, глицерат и эритронат, глутатион-дисульфид, аденилсукцинат и аденозинтрифосфат). В последнее десятилетие научный интерес закономерно сместился в сторону объективизации диагностического процесса посредством интеграции исследования метаболома как высокопроизводительного метода, позволяющего охарактеризовать изменения молекулярного профиля и повысить точность скрининга, диагностики и предикции ПНД.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>epigenetics</kwd><kwd>metabolomics</kwd><kwd>molecular psychiatry</kwd><kwd>omics technologies</kwd><kwd>perinatal depression</kwd><kwd>postpartum depression</kwd><kwd>biomarkers</kwd><kwd>oxidative stress</kwd><kwd>mass spectrometry</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метаболомика</kwd><kwd>молекулярная психиатрия</kwd><kwd>омиксные технологии</kwd><kwd>перинатальная депрессия</kwd><kwd>послеродовая депрессия</kwd><kwd>эпигенетика</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры</kwd><kwd>оксидативный стресс</kwd><kwd>масс-спектрометрия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by a state assignment “Development of objective biomarkers for the diagnosis of postpartum depression (PPD) using mass spectrometry and artificial intelligence” (registration number 126020516657-5).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержке государственного задания «Разработка объективных биомаркеров для диагностики послеродовой депрессии (ПРД) с применением масс-спектрометрии и искусственного интеллекта» (регистрационный номер 126020516657-5).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. 2013. DOI:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Serati M, Redaelli M, Buoli M, Altamura AC. Perinatal Major Depression Biomarkers: A systematic review. J Affect Disord. 2016;193:391-404. DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2016.01.027</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Kroh SJ, Lim G. Perinatal Depression. Int Anesthesiol Clin. 2021;59(3):45-51. DOI:10.1097/AIA.0000000000000325</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Sun Y, Liu L, Bu C, et al. Neurobiological insights into perinatal depression: a multi-dimensional integration of brain structure, function, and metabolism. Front Psychiatry. 2026;17:1802534. DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1802534</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Zhang Z, Hu X, Tao W, et al. Host-gut microbial metabolic crosstalk in postpartum depression: A multiomics insight linking blood metabolites to epigenetic modulation. J Affect Disord. 2026;400:121166. DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2026.121166</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>Hahn-Holbrook J, Cornwell-Hinrichs T, Anaya I. Economic and Health Predictors of National Postpartum Depression Prevalence: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-Regression of 291 Studies from 56 Countries. Front Psychiatry. 2017;8:248. DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00248</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Woody CA, Ferrari AJ, Siskind DJ, et al. A systematic review and meta-regression of the prevalence and incidence of perinatal depression. J Affect Disord. 2017;219:86-92. DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2017.05.003</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Trost SL, Beauregard JL, Smoots AN, et al. Preventing pregnancy-related mental health deaths: Insights from 14 US maternal mortality review committees, 2008-17. Health Affairs. 2021;40(10):1551-9. DOI:10.1377/hlthaff.2021.00615</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Wickberg B, Hwang CP. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale: validation on a Swedish community sample. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1996;94(3):181-4. DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1996.tb09845.x</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Salvi J. Calculated Decisions: Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Emerg Med Pract. 2019;21(5):CD3-4.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Papadopoulou Z, Vlaikou A-M, Theodoridou D, et al. Unraveling the Serum Metabolomic Profile of Post-partum Depression. Front Neurosci. 2019;13:833. DOI:10.3389/fnins.2019.00833</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Qianhao W, Jinwen Z, Jingjie M, et al. Multi-omics investigation of metabolic dysregulation in depression: integrating metabolomics, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and mendelian randomization. Front Psychiatry. 2025;16:1627020. DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1627020</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Bränn E, Malavaki C, Fransson E, et al. Metabolic Profiling Indicates Diversity in the Metabolic Physiologies Associated With Maternal Postpartum Depressive Symptoms. Front Psychiatry. 2021;12:685656. DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.685656</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Ling K, Hong M, Jin L, Wang J. Blood metabolomic and postpartum depression: a mendelian randomization study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2024;24:429. DOI:10.1186/s12884-024-06628-3</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Gheshlagh RG, Parizad N, Sayehmiri K. The Relationship Between Depression and Metabolic Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2016;18(6):e26523. DOI:10.5812/ircmj.26523</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>Bot M, Milaneschi Y, Al-Shehri T, et al. Metabolomics Consortium. Metabolomics Profile in Depression: A Pooled Analysis of 230 Metabolic Markers in 5283 Cases With Depression and 10,145 Controls. Biol Psychiatry. 2020;87(5):409-18. DOI:10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.08.016</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Konjevod M, Gredicak M, Vuic B, et al. Overview of metabolomic aspects in postpartum depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2023;127:110836. DOI:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110836</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Zhou X, Liu L, Lan X, et al. Polyunsaturated fatty acids metabolism, purine metabolism and inosine as potential independent diagnostic biomarkers for major depressive disorder in children and adolescents. Mol Psychiatry. 2019;24(10):1478-88. DOI:10.1038/s41380-018-0047-z</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Nakagawa T, Kang DH, Johnson RJ. An elevation in serum uric acid precedes the development of preeclampsia. Hypertens Res. 2023;46(3):809-11. DOI:10.1038/s41440-023-01181-6</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Henriksson HE, Malavaki C, Brann E, et al. Blood plasma metabolic profiling of pregnant women with antenatal depressive symptoms. Transl Psychiatry. 2019;9:204. DOI:10.1038/s41398-019-0546-y</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Caldwell RW, Rodriguez PC, Toque HA, et al. Arginase: a multifaceted enzyme important in health and disease. Physiol Rev. 2018;98(2):641-65. DOI:10.1152/physrev.00037.2016</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Cheung KL, Lafayette RA. Renal physiology of pregnancy. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2013;20(3):209-14. DOI:10.1053/j.ackd.2013.01.012</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Cao YF, Li J, Zhang Z, et al. Plasma Levels of Amino Acids Related to Urea Cycle and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Adults. Front Endocrinol. 2019;10:50. DOI:10.3389/fendo.2019.00050</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Chen JJ, Bai SJ, Li WW, et al. Urinary biomarker panel for diagnosing patients with depression and anxiety disorders. Transl Psychiatry. 2018;8:192. DOI:10.1038/s41398-018-0245-0</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Lent-Schochet D, Mclaughlin M, Ramakrishnan N, Jialal I. Exploratory metabolomics of metabolic syndrome: a status report. World J Diabetes. 2019;10(1):23-36. DOI:10.4239/wjd.v10.i1.23</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Roomruangwong C, Anderson G, Berk M, et al. A neuro-immune, neuro-oxidative and neuro-nitrosative model of prenatal and postpartum depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2018;81:262-74. DOI:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.09.015</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Zhang Y, Yuan S, Pu J, et al. Integrated Metabolomics and Proteomics Analysis of Hippocampus in a Rat Model of Depression. Neuroscience. 2018;371:207-20. DOI:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.12.001</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Li H, Wang J, Mi Y, et al. Causal effects of gut microbiota and blood metabolites on subtypes of perinatal depression classified based on depressive symptom trajectories: a mendelian randomization study. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2026;23(1):50. DOI:10.1186/s12986-026-01111-6</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>Svensson K, India-Aldana S, Saddiki H, et al. Pregnancy Stress Exposures and Postpartum Serum Metabolomic Profiles in Mothers. Metabolites. 2026;16(5):312. DOI:10.3390/metabo16050312</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Mao Q, Tian T, Chen J, et al. Serum Metabolic Profiling of Late-Pregnant Women With Antenatal Depressive Symptoms. Front Psychiatry. 2021;12:679451. DOI:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.679451</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B31"><label>31.</label><mixed-citation>Wu Z, Zhao P, Long Z, et al. Biomarker screening for antenatal depression in women who underwent caesarean section: a matched observational study with plasma Lipidomics. BMC Psychiatry. 2019;19(1):259. DOI:10.1186/s12888-019-2241-1</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B32"><label>32.</label><mixed-citation>Sha Q, Madaj Z, Keaton S, et al. Cytokines and tryptophan metabolites can predict depressive symptoms in pregnancy. Transl Psychiatry. 2022;12(1):35. DOI:10.1038/s41398-022-01801-8</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
