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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Gynecology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Gynecology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гинекология</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2079-5696</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2079-5831</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">76096</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/20795696.2021.3.200779</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Interpretation and significance of the definition of anti-Mullerian hormone in the practice of juvenile gynaecologist</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Интерпретация и значение определения антимюллерова гормона в практике гинеколога для несовершеннолетних</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7511-1432</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kumykova</surname><given-names>Zaira K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кумыкова</surname><given-names>Заира Хасановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник 2-го гинекологического отд-ния (гинекологии детского и юношеского возраста)</p></bio><email>kumykova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3105-5640</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Uvarova</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уварова</surname><given-names>Елена Витальевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>D. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Corr. Memb. RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>член-корреспондент РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий 2-м гинекологическим отд-нием (гинекологии детского и юношеского возраста)</p></bio><email>elena-uvarova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4997-6090</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Batyrova</surname><given-names>Zalina K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батырова</surname><given-names>Залина Кимовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник 2-го гинекологического отд-ния (гинекологии детского и юношеского возраста)</p></bio><email>linadoctor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-08-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>230</fpage><lpage>235</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-07-16"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-07-16"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Consilium Medicum</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Consilium Medicum</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Консилиум Медикум"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://gynecology.orscience.ru/2079-5831/article/view/76096">https://gynecology.orscience.ru/2079-5831/article/view/76096</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents an overview of the physiological role of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) during person’s lifetime, the fluctuations of its values from birth to the reproductive period in women, the significance of its determination in the diagnosis and prognosis of treatment outcomes for many gynecological diseases. AMH is produced mainly by preantral and early antral follicles and decreases during the final maturation and luteinization. AMH plays a potential role in preserving the ovarian reserve by performing dual actions. AMH inhibits the initial recruitment of follicles, preventing the influence of stimulating growth factors for recruitment (KIT-ligand, the main fibroblast growth factor). From the moment of puberty, AMH reduces the sensitivity of primary follicles to the follicle-stimulating hormone, reducing the likelihood of their cyclic recruitment. The systematic review data presented the characteristics of the ovarian reserve in a healthy female population aged 0 to 19 years. At birth, very low AMH values were noted with an increase in its level in the first 3 months of life, followed by a monthly increase of 31%. A significant increase in AMH secretion was revealed by the beginning of puberty, then most authors noted a constant level of serum AMH in the adolescent period. The level of AMH in the blood serum decreases with an increase in chronological age by 6–8% annually and varies during the menstrual cycle. AMH is an important diagnostic tool in pediatric practice when differentiating various causes of puberty disorders, virilization and menstrual cycle disorders in girls.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Представлены обзорные данные о физиологической роли антимюллерова гормона (АМГ) в жизни человека, колебаниях его значений от рождения до репродуктивного периода у женщин, значимости его определения в диагностике и прогнозировании исходов лечения многих гинекологических заболеваний. Продукция АМГ происходит преимущественно в преантральных и ранних антральных фолликулах и снижается в процессе финального созревания и лютеинизации. АМГ играет потенциальную роль в сохранении овариального резерва путем осуществления двойственных действий. АМГ ингибирует начальный рекрутинг фолликулов, предотвращая влияние стимулирующих факторов роста для рекрутирования (KIT-лиганд, основной фактор роста фибробластов). С момента полового созревания АМГ снижает чувствительность первичных фолликулов к фолликулостимулирующему гормону, уменьшая вероятность их циклического рекрутирования. Приведены данные систематического обзора, отражающие характеристики овариального резерва у здорового женского населения в возрасте от 0 до 19 лет. При рождении отмечены очень низкие значения АМГ с повышением его уровня в первые 3 мес жизни с последующим ежемесячным увеличением на 31%. Выявлено значительное увеличение секреции АМГ к началу пубертата, далее большинством авторов отмечен постоянный уровень сывороточного АМГ в подростковом периоде. Уровень АМГ в сыворотке крови снижается с увеличением хронологического возраста на 6–8% ежегодно и варьирует в течение менструального цикла. АМГ является важным диагностическим инструментом в педиатрической практике при дифференциации различных причин нарушений полового созревания, вирилизации и нарушений менструального цикла у девочек.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anti-Mullerian hormone</kwd><kwd>ovarian reserve</kwd><kwd>adolescent girl</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антимюллеров гормон</kwd><kwd>овариальный резерв</kwd><kwd>девочки-подростки</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Watanabe K, Clarke TR, Lane AH, et al. Endogenous expression of Mullerian inhibiting substance in early postnatal rat Sertoli cells requires multiple steroidogenic factor-1 and GATA-4-binding sites. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA. 2000;97(4):1624-9.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Lindhardt JM, Hagen CP, Johannsen TH, et al. 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