GynecologyGynecologyГинекология2079-56962079-5831Consilium Medicum8272210.26442/20795696.2022.1.201361REVIEWОБЗОРReview ArticlePathophysiological aspects of pain syndrome in endometriosis: A reviewПатофизиологические аспекты болевого синдрома при эндометриозеhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2908-8275SahautdinovaIndira V.СахаутдиноваИндира Венеровна
Russian Federation

D. Sci. (Med.), Prof.

д-р мед. наук, проф., зав. каф. акушерства и гинекологии №1

akgin1@bashgmu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6197-195XHamadyanovaAida U.ХамадьяноваАида Ульфатовна
Russian Federation

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Bashkir State Medical University

канд. мед. наук, доц. каф. акушерства и гинекологии №1

sagidullin12@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1029-8157GimazetdinovaLiliana R.ГимазетдиноваЛилиана Радиковна
Russian Federation

student

студентка 6-го курса педиатрического фак-та

lilianka-98@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9358-6263BashirovaElvina R.БашироваЭльвина Рафисовна
Russian Federation

student, Bashkir State Medical University

студентка 6-го курса педиатрического фак-та

bashirova.elvin@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2344-5606FatkullinBatyrhan S.ФаткуллинБатырхан Салаватович
Russian Federation

student

студентка 6-го курса педиатрического фак-та

batyr-1998@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0345-3489HamidullinaRadmila R.ХамидуллинаРадмила Рафитовна
Russian Federation

student

студентка 3-го курса педиатрического фак-та

khamidullina_radmila@mail.ruBashkir state medical universityФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России1501202224118230710202124032022Copyright ©; 2022, Consilium MedicumCopyright ©; 2022, ООО "Консилиум Медикум"2022Consilium MedicumООО "Консилиум Медикум"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0https://gynecology.orscience.ru/2079-5831/article/view/82722

Endometriosis is a chronic and debilitating disease with chronic pelvic pain and infertility. This pathology affects 1 in 10 women worldwide. Chronic pelvic pain is the main complaint of patients with endometriosis, which causes the most discomfort and has a strong impact on the quality of life. Today, the main generally accepted criterion for the severity of pain is the volume of the affected tissue, but most often it does not correspond to the real pain sensations of the patients. In this review of the literature, we have identified and compared the main pathophysiological mechanisms of the development of pain in endometriosis, which help to answer some urgent questions. We have identified 6 mechanisms that sequentially activate and reinforce each other's action, leading to the formation of persistent pain syndrome. There are still gaps in the pathophysiological mechanisms described by us, which requires additional clinical studies. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of pain in endometriosis will help improve diagnostic capabilities, as well as treatment that will be directed at each link in the pathological process.

Эндометриоз – хроническое заболевание, которое сопровождается хронической тазовой болью и бесплодием. Данная патология поражает 1 из 10 женщин во всем мире. Хроническая тазовая боль – основная жалоба пациенток с эндометриозом, которая доставляет наибольший дискомфорт и оказывает сильное влияние на качество жизни. На сегодняшний день основным общепринятым критерием тяжести болевого синдрома является объем пораженной ткани, но наиболее часто он не соответствует реальным болевым ощущениям пациенток. В данном обзоре литературы мы выделили и сопоставили основные патофизиологические механизмы развития болевого синдрома при эндометриозе, которые помогают ответить на некоторые актуальные вопросы. Мы определили 6 механизмов, которые последовательно активируют и усиливают действие друг друга, приводя к формированию стойкого болевого синдрома. В описанных нами патофизиологических механизмах по-прежнему имеются пробелы, что требует проведения дополнительных клинических исследований. Лучшее понимание патофизиологии боли при эндометриозе поможет улучшить диагностические возможности, а также лечение, которое будет направлено на каждое звено патологического процесса.

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