Seed dormancy and germination biology in Dioscorea villosa and Dioscorea deltoidea (Dioscoreaceae)

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Дәйексөз келтіру

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Ашық рұқсат Ашық рұқсат
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Рұқсат жабық Тек жазылушылар үшін

Аннотация

The research focused on clarifying the phenomenon of seed dormancy and the analyzing the relationships between seed dormancy and germination in two species of Dioscorea L., specifically D. deltoidea and D. villosa. The experiment employed various regimes of stratification: a constant 15°C and 22°C; 10°C → 22°C; 2°C → 22°C. Monitoring of embryo growth indicated that post-development in both species occurred prior to the start of germination. Heterogeneity of seeds with respect to type and depth of dormancy was revealed, with D. villosa exhibiting pronounced heterogeneity; nearly 40% of the seeds displayed morphological dormancy, while the remainder had morpho-physiological dormancy. The majority of D. deltoidea seeds exhibited morphological dormancy, with a minor proportion (4–5%) demonstrating morpho-physiological dormancy. The reliance of germination on higher temperatures in D. deltoidea led to a predominance of cotyledon growth within the seed during germination, whereas the reliance on lower temperatures in D. villosa resulted in the preeminence of root growth, subsequently facilitating earlier development of the root system.

Толық мәтін

Рұқсат жабық

Авторлар туралы

O. Butuzova

Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Хат алмасуға жауапты Автор.
Email: altorsh62@mail.ru
Ресей, 2, Prof. Popov St., Saint Petersburg, 197022

A. Torshilova

Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: altorsh62@mail.ru
Ресей, 2, Prof. Popov St., Saint Petersburg, 197022

Әдебиет тізімі

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2. Fig. 1. The structure of embryo in Dioscorea deltoidea during post-development and germination: a – embryo structure at dissemination and germination, b – embryo structure at post-development completing, c, d – the structure of seedling on the 11th and 13th days of experiment, respectively; сot – cotyledon, cot p – cotyledon petiole, en – endosperm, rd – radicle, f l – first leaf, l o – leaf organ, r – root, rd c – radicle cap. Scale: a, b – 0.2, c – 0.5, d – 1 mm.

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3. Fig. 2. The structure of embryo in Dioscorea villosa during post-development: a – embryo structure at dissemination, b – embryo structure at post-development completing on the 11th day, c, d – the structure of embryo before and at the moment of germination on the 13th day, e – a section of germinated seed on the 14th day of experiment; сot – cotyledon, cot p – cotyledon petiole, rd – radicle, en – endosperm, lf o – first leaf, r – root, l o – leaf organ, rd c – radicle cap. Scale: a, b, d – 0.2, c, e – 0.5 mm.

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4. Fig. 3. The effect of temperature and storage on the seed germination in Dioscorea deltoidea.

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5. Fig. 4. The effect of temperature and storage on the seed germination in Dioscorea villosa. The seeds collected in 2023 (solid lines) and 2022 year (broken lines) were exposed to constant 15 and 22°C for 38 days in the dark and also with preliminary stratification at 2 and 10°C for 30 days before transfer to 22°C.

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6. Fig. 5. The structure of seedling in Dioscorea deltoidea: a – the seed with embryo root at germination beginning, on the 10th day from the experiment starts; b–d – the seed with basal part of the seedling on the 11th, 13th and 15th days from the experiment starts, respectively; e–i – the structure of seedling perts on the 19th, 23rd, 28th, 30 and 35th days from the experiment starts, respectively; ad r – adventive root, cot p – cotyledon petiole, f l – first leaf, h – hypocotyl, fl lsh – first leaf of the lateral shoot, r – root, s – seed, s l – scale leaf. Scale: a–d, f – 1, e – 2, g–i – 0.5 mm.

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7. Fig. 6. The structure of seedling in Dioscorea villosa: a – the seed with embryo root at germination beginning, on the 12th day from the experiment starts in warm; b–d – the seed with the basal part of the seedling on the 13th, 16th, 18th days from the experiment starts in warm, respectively; c–h – the structure of seedling parts on the 21st, 24th, 28th and 35th days from the experiment starts in warm, respectively; i – the seedling on the 35th day from the experiment starts in warm; ab z – absorption zone, ad r – adventive root, cot p – cotyledon petiole, f l – first leaf, h – hypocotyl, fl lsh – first leaf of the lateral shoot, r – root, s – seed, s l – scale leaf. Scale: a, c, d – 1, b, h – 2, f, g – 0.5, e – 0.2 mm, i – 1 cm.

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