NmF2 variability at different longitudes in mid-latitudes: the role of geomagnetic activity

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Abstract

Based on data from mid-latitude ionospheric stations at close corrected geomagnetic latitudes, the properties of the variability in the F2 layer peak density (NmF2) at different longitudes were analyzed during increased (48 > ap(t) > 27) and high (ap(t) > 48) geomagnetic activity, where ap(t) is the weighted average ap-index of this activity. The standard deviation s of Nm fluctuations with respect to the quiet level and the average shift of these fluctuations xave were used as characteristics of this variability. It was found that at all analyzed stations, the variance s2 for increased geomagnetic activity is greater than for quiet conditions but hardly differs from s2 for high geomagnetic activity. For all analyzed cases, the average shift xave < 0, and for high geomagnetic activity, the absolute value of xave is greater than for increased geomagnetic activity. The difference in xave values between the analyzed stations is quite large. One reason for this difference may be related to the dependence of xave on geomagnetic latitudes. Approximations of the geomagnetic field by the tilted dipole (TD), eccentric dipole (ED), or using corrected geomagnetic (CGM) coordinates were used to select these latitudes. It was found that the dependence of xave on ED latitude is more accurate than the dependence of xave on TD latitude and, moreover, the dependence of xave on CGM latitude. Therefore, ED latitudes, and not CGM latitudes, are optimal for accounting for storm effects on the F2 layer peak density at mid-latitudes. This conclusion has apparently been obtained for the first time.

About the authors

V. Kh. Depuev

Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: depuev@izmiran.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, Troitsk

M. G. Deminov

Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: depuev@izmiran.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, Troitsk

G. F. Deminova

Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: depuev@izmiran.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, Troitsk

A. Kh. Depueva

Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: depuev@izmiran.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow, Troitsk

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