Management of tuberculosis detection in target groups at increased risk of tuberculosis

Introduction. In Russia, periodic examinations (screening) are carried out annually for the early detection of tuberculosis among the population. Screening should cover all population groups of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and first of all, those that belong to the high-risk groups for TB.Materials and methods. The proportion of people who had not undergone screening for ≥ 2 years was determined. Information on one hundred sixty two cases involved in screening, but had previously avoided it for ≥ 2 years, was studied. The structure of chest diseases detected during screening in 143 people who had not undergone examinations for ≥ 2 years was studied.Results. In the Kaluga Region over 2018–2022, a high level of population coverage with tuberculosis screening was registered, amounting to an average of 68.8%. The proportion of the population who had not been screened for ≥ 2 years ranged from 3.3 to 7.9%, averaging 5.88 ± 1.06%. The population of one therapeutic area in 2015–2022 ranged from 1876 to 1901 people, averaging 1892.75 ± 3.06 people, while the proportion of people who had not been screened for ≥ 2 years ranged from 8.3 to 9.3%, averaging 8.89 ± 0.13%. Over the course of 3.5 months of work, the district phthisiatrician managed to attract 143 people to undergo screening, which amounted to 88.3% of their total number.Research limitations. The study was carried out in a short period of time among the population of one therapeutic area.Conclusion. A new approach to managing screening in medical institutions providing primary health care for individuals who have avoided screening for ≥ 2 years is proposed.Compliance with ethical standards: the study does not require the submission of a biomedical ethics committee opinion or other documents. Contribution of the authors: Lapshina I.S. — research concept and design, writing the text, compilation of the list of literature, statistical data processing; Tsybikova E.B. — writing the text, statistical data processing, editing; Kryuchenkov M.V. — collection and processing of material. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.Received: October 22, 2023 / Accepted: March 19, 2024 / Published: April 30, 2025

management of screening, target groups at increased risk of tuberculosis, tuberculosis of the respiratory system