M. I. Ravich-Shcherbo, the founder of the scientific School of biological chemistry in Kursk

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Аннотация

The article is devoted to scientific and teaching activities of the Soviet biochemist M. I. Ravich-Shcherbo whose scientific career was largely spent in Kursk. The results of his studies into the development of ways to control malaria, carried out jointly with I. A. Smorodintsev and A. N. Adova during their work at the Tropical Institute of the RSFSR Peopleʼs Commissariat of Public Health (Narkomzdrav) in the 1920s and 1930s, and his research aimed at reducing the incidence of syphilis, conducted at the V. M. Bronner State Institute for Venereal Diseases in the 1930s – 1950s, are analyzed. His contribution to the development of wound healing and radiopaque contrast agents during World War II is also shown. Particular attention is given to the results of the studies into the mechanisms of biosynthesis of antibodies, gamma-globulin metabolism, and the ways to regulate these processes, carried out by Ravich-Shcherbo’s postgraduate and postdoctoral students in the 1950s – 1970s. The article also sheds light on the history of the scientific school of biological chemistry that became established at the Kursk Medical Institute.

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Авторлар туралы

Nina Nikishina

Kursk State Medical University

Хат алмасуға жауапты Автор.
Email: nan2008@mail.ru
Ресей, ul. K. Marksa, 3, 305000

Svetlana Dolgareva

Kursk State Medical University

Email: dolgarevasa@kursksmu.net
Ресей, ul. K. Marksa, 3, 305000

Pavel Tkachenko

Kursk State Medical University

Email: tkachenkopv@kursksmu.net
Ресей, ul. K. Marksa, 3, 305000

Әдебиет тізімі

  1. Adova, A. N., and Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I. (1928) Sootnoshenie mezhdu okisliaemostʼiu i soderzhaniem organicheskikh veshchestv v bolotno-torfovykh vodakh [Correlation between Oxidizability and Organic Matter Content in Peat-Bog Waters], Russkii zhurnal tropicheskoi meditsiny, no. 4, pp. 278–284.
  2. Adova, A. N., and Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I. (1927) Soderzhanie kisloroda v torfovykh vodakh [Oxygen Content in Peat Waters], Zhurnal tropicheskoi meditsiny, vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 639–642.
  3. Bune, Ia. M. (1940) Opyt primeneniia granulina v khirurgicheskoi praktike [Use of Granulin in Surgical Practice], Trudy Kurskogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo instituta, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 173–177.
  4. Ivanov, A. V., Tkachenko, P. V., Dolgareva, S. A., Dudka, V. T., Danilova, A. V., Nikishina, N. A., and Puchkov, V. I. (2022) Istoriia stanovleniia nauchnykh shkol Kurskogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo instituta: 1935–1940 [The History of the Formation of Scientific Schools at the Kursk State Medical Institute: 1935–1940], Istoriia nauki i tekhniki, no. 9, pp. 22–31.
  5. Konoplia, A. I., and Prokopenko, L. G. (1988) Khimicheskaia priroda i funktsionalʼnaia aktivnostʼ immunomoduliruiushchikh faktorov syvorotki krovi pri toksicheskom porazhenii pecheni [The Chemical Nature and Functional Activity of Serum Immunomodulatory Factors in Toxic Liver Damage], Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimentalʼnaia terapiia, no. 3. pp. 55–59.
  6. Mikhail Iosifovich Ravich-Shcherbo. Biokhimik. K 70-letiiu so dnia rozhdeniia i 45-letiiu nauchno-pedagogicheskoi i obshchestvennoi deiatelʼnosti [Mikhail Iosifovich Ravich-Shcherbo. Biochemist. Towards the 70th Anniversary of His Birth and the 45th Anniversary of His Scientific, Pedagogical and Public Activities] (1967), Voprosy meditsinskoi khimii, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 440–441.
  7. Mikhailova, K. M. (2014) Dedushkiny rasskazy [Grandfather ʼs Stories]. Kiev: Chetverta khvilia.
  8. Nikishina, N. A., Tkachenko, P. V., Ivanov, A. V., Dolgareva, S. A., and Puchkov, V. I. (2022) Istoriia stanovleniia estestvenno-nauchnykh napravlenii issledovanii v g. Kurske [The History of the Formation of Natural Science Research Areas in Kursk], Istoriia i pedagogika estestvoznaniia, no. 4, pp. 25–31.
  9. Prokopenko, L. G., and Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I. (1974) Obmen immunoglobulinov [Metabolism of Immunoglobulins]. Moskva: Meditsina.
  10. Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I. (1930) Metody opredeleniia peptaz i ustanovlenie optimuma рН deistviia erepsina po narastaniiu karboksilov [Methods for the Determination of Peptases and the Establishment of the Optimum pH for the Action of Erepsin Based on the Increase in Carboxyls], Zhurnal eksperimentalʼnoi biologii i meditsiny. Seriia A, vol. 13, no. 39, pp. 68–77.
  11. Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I. (1932) Fiziko-khimicheskie svoistva nekotorykh antigenov [Physico-Chemical Properties of Some Antigens], Sovetskii vestnik venerologii i dermatologii, no. 9–10. pp. 53–58.
  12. Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I. (1940) O khimiko-biologicheskoi klassifikatsii sredstv mestnogo deistviia, primeniaemykh pri lechenii ran [On the Chemical and Biological Classification of Topical Agents Used in the Treatment of Wounds], Trudy Kurskogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo instituta, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 5–43.
  13. Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I. (1966) O vkliuchenii pecheni v immunogenez pri ostroi luchevoi bolezni [On the Inclusion of the Liver in Immunogenesis in Acute Radiation Sickness], Zhurnal radiobiologii, vol. 6, no 6, pp. 920–925.
  14. Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I. (1967) Metabolizm antitel v zhivotnom organizme [Antibody Metabolism in the Animal Body], Uspekhi sovremennoi biologii, vol. 63, no. 3, pp. 112–119.
  15. Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I., and Annenkov, G. A. (1968) Fizicheskaia i kolloidnaia khimiia [Physical and Colloid Chemistry]. Moskva: Vysshaia shkola.
  16. Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I., and Baas, R. M. (1939) Khimiia i biokhimiia lipoidnykh antigenov. Soobshchenie IV. Iskusstvennye lipoidnye antigeny [Chemistry and Biochemistry of Lipoid Antigens. Communication IV. Artificial Lipoid Antigens], Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunologii, no. 11, pp. 29–34.
  17. Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I., and Novikov, V. V. (1975) Fizicheskaia i kolloidnaia khimiia [Physical and Colloid Chemistry]. Moskva: Vysshaia shkola.
  18. Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I., and Piskunov, N. V. (1945) Khimiia i biokhimiia lipoidnykh antigenov. Soobshchenie XI. Issledovanie khimicheskoi prirody istinnogo vassermanovskogo veshchestva [Chemistry and Biochemistry of Lipoid Antigens. Communication XI. Investigation of the Chemical Nature of the True Wasserman Substance], Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunologii, no. 4–5, pp. 26–29.
  19. Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I., and Prokopenko, L. G. (1966) Biosintez antitel i nespetsificheskikh gamma-globulinov v usloviiakh patologii [Biosynthesis of Antibodies and Nonspecific Gamma Globulins in Pathological Conditions]. Moskva: Meditsina.
  20. Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I., and Senchakov, A. I. (1941) Khimiia i biokhimiia lipoidnykh antigenov. Soobshchenie VIII. Izmenenie serologicheskikh i khimicheskikh svoistv lipoidnykh antigenov pod vliianiem razlichnykh adsorbentov [Chemistry and Biochemistry of Lipoid Antigens. Communication VIII. Changes in the Serological and Chemical Properties of Lipoid Antigens under the Influence of Various Adsorbents], Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunologii, no. 4, pp. 94–99.
  21. Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I., Marchenko, V. F., and Nartsisov, N. V. (1936) Issledovanie khimicheskoi prirody antigenov primeniaemykh v serodiagnostike sifilisa [Investigation of Chemical Nature of the Antigens Used in the Serodiagnostics of Syphilis], Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunologii, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 131–139.
  22. Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I., Senchakov, A. I., and Moiseenko, A. L. (1939) Khimiia i biokhimiia lipoidnykh antigenov. Vliianie lipoidnykh antigenov na lipotsitarnyi koeffitsient krovi [Chemistry and Biochemistry of Lipoid Antigens. The Effect of Lipoid Antigens on Blood Lipocytic Coefficient], Trudy Kurskogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo institute, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 25–35.
  23. Sharpenak, A. E., Balasheva, O. N., Marchenkov, F. V., Menshutin, S. E., Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I., Felʼiut, Ia. N., and Fridliand, I. B. (1934) Aminokislotnyi sostav organov i tkanei chelovecheskogo organizma [Amino Acid Composition of Organs and Tissues of the Human Body], Fiziologicheskii zhurnal SSSR, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 1070–1078.
  24. Smorodintsev, I. A., and Ravich-Shcherbo, M. I. (1927) Sootnoshenie mezhdu soderzhaniem organicheskikh i mineralʼnykh veshchestv v torfovykh vodakh i nakhozhdeniem v nikh lichinok Anopheles [Correlation Between the Content of Organic and Mineral Substances in Peat Waters and the Presence of Anopheles Larvae in Them], Russkii zhurnal tropicheskoi meditsiny, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 155–161.

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2. I. A. Smorodintsev and postgraduate students of the Department of Biochemistry of the 2nd Moscow Medical Institute, M. I. Ravich-Shcherbo – far right. Moscow, circa 1925.

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3. M. I. Ravich-Scherbo. Kursk, 1955.

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4. M. I. Ravich-Shcherbo performs the cello part for guests at a gala evening on the occasion of his 70th birthday and 45th anniversary of scientific, pedagogical and social activity. Kursk, 1970.

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5. M. I. Ravich-Shcherbo (right), head of the Department of Biological and Organic Chemistry (1936–1970), and his graduate student L. G. Prokopenko (left), future head of the Department of Biological Chemistry at KSMU. Kursk, 1960.

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