Нарушения когнитивных функций при длительной социальной изоляции: результаты исследований на людях и экспериментов на животных

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Аннотация

Наличие близких социальных связей – необходимое условие для психического и физического здоровья и благополучия в любом возрасте. Существенный процент населения Земли пережил условия “локдауна” в связи с пандемией COVID-19. Появляется все больше данных научной литературы, посвященных негативному воздействию социальной изоляции на внимание, память, восприятие, исполнительные функции и другие аспекты когнитивных процессов. Это может усложнять повседневную жизнь людей, снижая качество жизни. В обзоре предпринята попытка систематизации накопленных научных фактов о взаимосвязи социальной изоляции и развития нарушений когнитивных функций у человека, собранных в лонгитюдных популяционных исследованиях, а также проведен анализ данных о влиянии социальной изоляции разной длительности на процессы обучения и памяти, полученных в экспериментальных исследованиях на животных. Затронуты вопросы возможной связи этих нарушений, индуцированных социальной изоляцией, с изменением функционирования одной из систем стресс-реактивности – гипоталамо-гипофизарно-адреналовой оси и иммуновоспалительным ответом.

Об авторах

Н. А. Крупина

Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение “Научно-исследовательский институт
общей патологии и патофизиологии”

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: krupina-na@yandex.ru
Россия, 125315, Москва

С. Д. Ширенова

Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение “Научно-исследовательский институт
общей патологии и патофизиологии”

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: shirenova.jr@gmail.com
Россия, 125315, Москва

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