Nº 1 (2015)

Environment chemical pollution can be persistent, and even virtually irremovable. For some chemicals in the workplace air, reliably safe low exposure levels are technically unattainable or presumably nonexistent. Further to decreasing harmful exposures to the lowest possible levels, the «biological prophylaxis» aims to enhance host’s protective mechanisms. In over 30 years in animal experiments modeling isolated or combined chronic or sub-chronic exposures to silica, asbestos, monazite, lead, chromium, arsenic, manganese, nickel, vanadium, nano silver, nano copper, formaldehyde, phenol, naphthalene, benzo(a)pyrene, were tested so-called «bio-prophylactic complexes» (BPCs) comprising innocuous substances with theoretically expected beneficial influence on the toxicokinetics and/or toxicodynamics of those toxics. The BPCs tested up to now proved capable of mitigating systemic toxicity, cytotoxicity, fibrogenicity, and mutagenicity of the above-listed chemicals. Most of these BPCs were then subjected to controlled field trials involving restricted groups of volunteers. Once the effectiveness and safety of a BPC was established, it was recommended for practical use, first of all, in the most vulnerable population groups (children, pregnant women) and in the most harmful occupations.

The impact of bio-insecticides Boverin, Entomophthora and Lepidicide on cellular and sub-cellular immune effectors elements in rat fetuses was investigated. Preparations immunotoxic effect on embryos at the cellular and sub-cellular levels was found out.

Allergenicity and immunotoxicity of oscillococcinum preparation was experimentally studied. Immunization of guinea pigs with oscillococcinum in doses of 100 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg according to a standard scheme or mixed with complete Freund’s adjuvant ( CFA) did not provoke a systemic anaphylactic reactions or delayed allergenic reactions in animals. A single administration of oscillococcinum per os in doses of 100 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg to CBA strain mice did not cause significant changes in comparison with the control in the inflammation response to concanavalin A (Con.A). To assess oscillococcinum immunotoxic properties, the preparation was perorally administrated to mice in doses of 100 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg for 14 days. Delivery of oscillococcinum in the dose of 500 mg/kg to F₁ mice resulted in an authentic increase by 25.1% of thymus mass index. In F₁ hybrid mice (CBA x C57BL/6), a course delivery of oscillococcinum induced an expressed increase of peritoneal macrophage phagocytic activity , in C57BL/6 strain mice it significantly stimulated humoral immune response . Thus, oscillococcinum in the dose range investigated does not produce allergenic and immunotoxic action, stimulates macrophage phagocytic activity and humoral response which could be considered one of the most important mechanisms of the preparation action used to cure flu and other acute respiratory viral infections.

In experiments on white rats, the main toxicometric parameters of bis(triphenylsilyl) chromate were established at single and repeated stomach and intraperitoneal administration. The character of the biological action of bis(triphenylsilyl) chromate with different delivery paths into the organism and levels of effective doses/concentrations are analogous to those of hexavalent chromium compounds. Based on these conclusions, TLV/TWA (Threshold limit value/time-weighted average)) of bis(triphenylsilyl) chromate in occupational air, tentative safe exposure level (TSEL) in atmospheric air of residential settings, tentative permissible levels (TPL) in water of water reservoirs were substantiated and approved at the level of magnitudes adopted for hexavalent chromium compounds in RF.

Оценена опасность микроорганизма Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus 5rb ВКПМ В-11685 для здоровья человека. Рекомендована ПДК_р.з. Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus 5rb ВКПМ В-11685 5х10⁴ кл/м³, ПДК_а.в. 5х10³ кл/м³.