Эволюционное приобретение мультифункциональности гликолитическими ферментами

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Решение вопроса о происхождении жизни на Земле невозможно без понимания того, как возникли химические, функциональные и регуляторные принципы, определяющие клеточный метаболизм, каким образом клетки приобрели свойства, определяющие их эволюцию, и как биологические системы функционируют и развиваются. Настоящий обзор посвящен рассмотрению многогранности функций гликолитических ферментов, экспрессия которых значительно повышена в некоторых типах клеток, например, клетках, обладающих стволовыми свойствами, или клетках злокачественных опухолей. Практически для всех ферментов гликолиза были установлены некаталитические функции, которые необходимы для поддержания высокой скорости пролиферации клеток, их активной миграции и формирования стволового фенотипа. Гликолитические ферменты возникли очень рано в процессе эволюции. Поскольку геномы древних форм жизни имели ограниченное число генов для кодирования всего множества необходимых функций, ферменты гликолиза или продукты катализируемых ими реакций можно было использовать в качестве древних регуляторов межклеточной и внутриклеточной коммуникации. Впоследствии многофункциональность основных метаболических ферментов стала использоваться опухолевыми клетками для обеспечения их выживания и роста. В настоящем обзоре мы обсуждаем некоторые некаталитические функции гликолитических ферментов, а также возможное эволюционное значение приобретения такой мультифункциональности.

Об авторах

О. П. Шатова

Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова; Российский университет дружбы народов

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: shatova.op@gmail.com
Россия, Москва; Россия, Москва

П. В. Шегай

Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии
Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации

Email: shatova.op@gmail.com
Россия, Москва

А. А. Заболотнева

Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова

Email: shatova.op@gmail.com
Россия, Москва

А. В. Шестопалов

Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова; Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр Детской гематологии,
онкологии и иммунологии им. Дмитрия Рогачева Министерства здравоохранения
Российской Федерации

Email: shatova.op@gmail.com
Россия, Москва; Россия, Москва

А. Д. Каприн

Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии
Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Российский университет дружбы народов

Email: shatova.op@gmail.com
Россия, Москва; Россия, Москва

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© О.П. Шатова, П.В. Шегай, А.А. Заболотнева, А.В. Шестопалов, А.Д. Каприн, 2023