Транскрипционная активность генов, кодирующих белки – регуляторы нейроглиогенеза и апоптоза, при обучении в водном лабиринте Морриса: влияние факторов стресса и формирования пространственной памяти у крыс Вистар

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Образование новых, а также модификация работы ранее существовавших нейронных сетей и синаптических контактов, лежащие в основе обучения и памяти, в значительной степени зависят от транскрипционной активности генов, вовлеченных в регуляцию сопряженных процессов нейроглиогенеза и апоптоза. При этом выявление изменений работы генома, специфичных для когнитивных функций, требует одновременной оценки влияния стрессирующих факторов как неотъемлемого компонента всех моделей обучения лабораторных животных. Целью настоящего исследования явился сравнительный анализ экспрессии генов регуляторов нейроглиогенеза (S100А6, Ascl1), а также апоптоза (Apaf1, Bax, Casp3, Bcl2) у животных, обученных пространственному навыку в водном лабиринте Морриса и подвергнутых принудительному плаванию в соответствии с режимом обучения. Эксперименты проведены на молодых половозрелых самцах крыс Вистар, распределенных по следующим группам: Обучение (с формированием навыка поиска скрытой платформы в водном лабиринте в течение 4 дней), Контроль (плавание в лабиринте без платформы в течение 4 дней) и Интактные (пребывание в домашних клетках). В образцах ткани гиппокампа, фронтальной коры и мозжечка, выделенных сразу после окончания экспериментов в лабиринте, определяли экспрессию целевых генов методом полимеразной цепной реакции в реальном времени. Было обнаружено, что когнитивная активность снижает экспрессию проапоптотических генов, возрастающую в условиях стрессового воздействия, и, напротив, стимулирует активность генов, регулирующих нейроглиогенез и синаптогенез в структурах, релевантных для различных стадий формирования следа памяти. Полученные результаты наряду с теоретическим вкладом представляют интерес для определения мишеней направленной терапии когнитивных нарушений.

Об авторах

А. М. Ратмиров

Федеральный исследовательский центр оригинальных и перспективных биомедицинских и фармацевтических технологий

Москва, Россия

М. А. Грудень

Федеральный исследовательский центр оригинальных и перспективных биомедицинских и фармацевтических технологий

Москва, Россия

З. И. Сторожева

Федеральный исследовательский центр оригинальных и перспективных биомедицинских и фармацевтических технологий

Email: storozheva_zi@academpharm.ru
Москва, Россия

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