Current Nanomaterials

Abstract:The greatest threat of the 21st century is global warming. The building sector is a major contributor to energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. About 60% of the total energy consumed in the buildings is caused by HVAC systems. Nanotechnology is an emerging technology that can introduce innovative materials in the building sector which offers great potential for development of innovative building products to enhance performance and energy efficiency of the building. Nanomaterials are a promising candidate for building thermal insulation. This paper presents a theoretical overview of twenty case-based scenarios on the application of nanomaterials to reduce energy consumption in buildings. A comprehensive list of different nanomaterials is reviewed from the literature, as non-structural, insulation, and thermal energy storage materials to improve the insulation performance of the building. Extensive testing and simulation modelling have turned out to be the most popular in this area of research methods for experimental and theoretical studies. The combination of these methods can yield a reliable technique for studying nanomaterials. Finally, embedding nanomaterials into building walls, floors, and roofs can reduce energy consumption and enhance thermal performance of a building’s envelope.

Introduction:An efficient and coherent drug delivery system is imperative in detouring a repetitive administration of high doses of the drug to achieve an effective therapeutic effect. This study, therefore, aims to synthesize the nanocomposite (CAPA) utilizing the layered double hydroxide as a drug carrier that can safeguard the medicine and improve its bioavailability while minimizing the adverse impact on the biological process.

Method:The Calcium-aluminum Layered Double Hydroxide (CAL) was synthesized via the coprecipitation method followed by integrating palmitic acid (PA) drug into that host employing a similar approach. The successful intercalation was assessed utilizing X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The characterization of the material was evaluated by using a thermogravimetric-derivative thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DTG) and accelerated surface area and porosity (ASAP) analyzer.

Result:The increment of basal spacing of CAPA (15.21Å) synthesized in this study implies the retainment of PA in the interlayer space of CAL. The FTIR spectra of CAPA, with the elimination of the nitrate ion peak at 1359.87 cm-1 and the appearance of carboxylate ion at 1643.17 cm-1, hint at the existence of PA in the host layer. The surface area of CAPA exhibited a value of 19.8 m2g-1, bigger than that of hosts, while its pore size is within the micropores range.

Conclusion:The TGA analysis revealed that the thermal stability of PA was improved following the intercalation process due to the decomposition of the PA core that occurs at 260°C. The antimicrobial activity proposes that the synthesized CAPA can retain the drug's activity against S. aureus, emphasizing the ability of CAL as a potential drug delivery vehicle for PA.

Background:The prevalence of cancer is around the world and is identified as a multifactorial ailment. One of the most common causes of cancer in the world is oxidative stress, and this can be overcome by taking herbal plant wheatgrass in any form. As colloidal carriers with particle sizes of 50-1,000nm, Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) combine the benefits of liposomes, emulsions, and other colloidal systems to deliver drugs at their targets.

Objective:Aim and objective of the present work is to formulate wheatgrass extract loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using Central Composite design and to investigate the effect of formulation variables. Using hot homoginization method, the present work aimed to formulate wheatgrass loaded chitosan solid lipid nanoparticles using central composite design and to evaluate the extract potential to treat breast cancer on MCF-7 cell line.

Methods:This study investigated the effect of three formulation variables on particle size, namely the sodium alginate concentration, the calcium carbonate concentration, and the homogination time. Extraction of wheatgrass was done in soxhlet extractor, using methanolic extract. The hot homogenization technique was used to prepare Triticum aestivum extract loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs).

Result:For CCD, all formulations were analyzed for particle size, which ranged from 362.5 to 933.8 nm, and for polydispersity index, which ranged from 0.137 to 5.799. Batch code SLN-6 was found to be finest suitable because of maximum loading capacity of 67.76 ±0.17 % (w/w), maximum entrapment efficiency of 65.81 ± 0.11 % (w/w) and minimum particle size of 362.5nm by using sodium alginate as surface stabilizer at homogenization time ~ 5 min and having maximum percentage yield of 43.66%.

Conclusion:During characterization studies and MCF-6 cell line studies, it was found that batch code SLN-6 was found to be finest suitable and wheatgrass has anti-oxidant potential, and potent against breast cancer.

Introduction:The attached oxygen functional group in graphene oxide (GO) with layers that are about 1.1 ± 0.2 nm thick, has hindered the performance of electrical characteristics. Diminution of the oxygen functional group, and increasing the carbon/oxygen (C/O) ratio can enhance electrical conductivity.

Method:This study investigated the effect of graphene derivatives (C/O) ratios on the dielectric properties of low-density polyethylene (PE) made of metallocene, as well as polypropylene (PP) and mixtures of them. The oxygen functional groups were reduced by utilizing graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The effect of GO and rGO-based polyolefin produced by solution blending while lowering the oxygen functional group is explored.

Result:The surface morphology and chemical structure were examined by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The electrical characteristics of the composite films, such as their loss factor (tan δ) and dielectric constant, permittivity and conductivity, and imaginary permittivity were examined. At room temperature, measurements were performed at frequencies ranging from 300 Hz to 8 MHz. ε'; the dielectric permittivity and imaginary permittivity (ε\") of polymer/ reduced graphene oxidehowever, these values rapidly decreased with increasing

Conclusion:The alternating current conductivity of the composites was likewise shown to increase with increasing frequency.