Vegetation and Climate in the North of the Minusinsk Basin in the Late Holocene with Decadal Resolution: Record from Lake Shira

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Abstract

The results of studying the bottom sediments of the meromictic Lake Shira, located in the northern part of the Minusinsk Basin, are presented. The sediments are represented by annual layered series – varves, which allow reconstructing the history of the regional natural environment with a high resolution. The age model is based on seven 14C dates. The proposed new palynological record from the upper part of the Shira-2021-II-1 core extends the previous record by 530 years, providing a reconstruction of the natural environment of the region for the last 2980 calibrated years at an average resolution of 21 years. The reconstructions show a rather humid regional climate from 2980–2650 BP, with the climate of the basin itself being more arid, providing steppe and medow-steppe assemblages around Lake Shira for the past 2980 years. The trend of changes in the Artemisia/Chenopodiaceae pollen ratio, considered as an indicator of moisture available to plants, suggests a slight increase in the moisture level in the Minusinsk Basin in the interval 2980–70 BP and its noticeable decrease in the last 70 years. However, the increase was interrupted by short-term intervals of increased climate aridization. Reconstructions have shown that changes in vegetation around Lake Shira in the late Holocene were mainly caused by large-scale circulation processes that changed regional moisture balance. Steppe vegetation was the most sensitive to moisture changes on a decadal scale. In the new pollen record, as in the previous one, no clear pollen indicators of anthropogenic influence on vegetation were found. Only a marked increase in birch pollen in the last 50 years may indicate landscaping around resort areas.

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About the authors

E. V. Bezrukova

Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: bezrukova@igc.irk.ru
Russian Federation, Irkutsk

S. A. Reshetova

Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: bezrukova@igc.irk.ru
Russian Federation, Irkutsk

N. V. Kulagina

Institute of Earth Crust of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: bezrukova@igc.irk.ru
Russian Federation, Irkutsk

A. A. Shchetnikov

Institute of Earth Crust of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: bezrukova@igc.irk.ru
Russian Federation, Irkutsk

I. A. Filinov

Institute of Earth Crust of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: bezrukova@igc.irk.ru
Russian Federation, Irkutsk

M. I. Kuzmin

Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: bezrukova@igc.irk.ru
Russian Federation, Irkutsk

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2. Fig. 1. Spore-pollen diagram of sediments in core Shira-2021-II-1, presented in relation to depth and age of sediments

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3. Fig. 2. Photograph of the core and a summary plot of selected indicators of natural environment change in the Lake Shira basin. Shira Lake basin over the last 2980 years: pollen of woody and herbaceous plants; coarse particle content in sediment from Shira-2021-II-1 core; influx of charcoal particles reflecting local fires; pollen concentration; pollen A/Ch ratio as an indicator of changes in moisture available to plants; oxygen isotope record from Greenland ice core NGRIP [15] as an indicator of North Atlantic climate over the last 2980 years; pink rectangles marking peaks in the A/Ch curve that have analogues in the NGRIP curve (elevated temperatures)

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