Integrated Approach to Studying the Forest Litter in Coniferous and Mixed Broadleaved-Coniferous Forests

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Based on long-term studies of forest litters in various geographical zones, factorial, genetic and structural-functional approaches to their study have been proposed. The forest ecosystems of the north of the Western Siberia and the Russian Plain were picked as study objects. The analysis also includes the results of a study of the forest ecosystems litters in Primorye, Sakhalin, and Kamchatka. The factorial approach to the litters studying demonstrated the predominant influence of the forest type, its position in the geochemical landscape system, general landscape and moisture features. Analysis of geographical patterns showed that the lateral (non-stagnant) nature of soil moisture, providing an additional influx of oxygen and ash elements, is of significant importance for the genesis of litters of the humified type in the conditions of middle taiga landscapes. In conditions of stagnant moisture, regardless of the geography of the regions, litters develop according to the peat type. In the southern taiga, the conditions of watershed areas provide optimal prerequisites for the development of complexes of destructive, enzymatic and humified type litters. Climatic factors largely determine the rate of decomposition of organic residues in a geographical zones series, but the degree of this influence depends on the properties of decomposing materials. The role of the edificator tree in the spatial heterogeneity of forest litters was demonstrated, especially with regard to coniferous species. Intrabiogeocenotic variability of local environmental factors and, as a consequence, litter properties was found to be indicated by a living ground cover. The genetic approach is based on the consistent description and diagnostics of litter subhorizons, the genesis of which is used in the nomenclature of litters. This serves as the basis for the classification of litters. It is claimed that the validity of the presented classification has been shown in a wide range of bioclimatic conditions. The structural and functional approach, which provides for component analysis, allows us to assess the nature of the functioning of forest litters. The important role of the content and proportion of detritus and easily decomposable components, as well as the ratio of litter subhorizons stocks was revealed as a possible criterion for the features of forest litters’ functioning.

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L. Bogatyrev

Lomonosov Moscow State University

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: bogatyrev.l.g@yandex.ru
俄罗斯联邦, Bldg. 12, 1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991

V. Kuznetsov

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: bogatyrev.l.g@yandex.ru
俄罗斯联邦, Bldg. 12, 1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991

V. Telesnina

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: bogatyrev.l.g@yandex.ru
俄罗斯联邦, Bldg. 12, 1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991

O. Semenyuk

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: bogatyrev.l.g@yandex.ru
俄罗斯联邦, Bldg. 12, 1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991

A. Benediktova

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: bogatyrev.l.g@yandex.ru
俄罗斯联邦, Bldg. 12, 1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991

F. Zemskov

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: bogatyrev.l.g@yandex.ru
俄罗斯联邦, Bldg. 12, 1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991

M. Karpukhin

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: bogatyrev.l.g@yandex.ru
俄罗斯联邦, Bldg. 12, 1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991

V. Demin

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: bogatyrev.l.g@yandex.ru
俄罗斯联邦, Bldg. 12, 1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991

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