Neuroimmune Characteristics of Animals with Prenatal Alcohol Intoxication

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Abstract

Neuroinflammation can be an important factor of many central nervous system (CNS) deficits including cognitive dysfunction, affective disorders and addictive behavior associated with prenatal alcohol exposure and presented in early adulthood. In this study we used an experimental rodent model of prenatal alcohol (PA) exposure (consumption of a 10% ethanol solution by female Wistar rats throughout pregnancy), multiplex immunofluorescence analysis of interleukins (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-3, IL-6, IL-9 and IL-12), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and chemokine CCL5, as well as quantitative real-time PCR to assess the level of cytokine mRNA in the prefrontal cortex of sexually mature (PND60) offspring – male and female rats with prenatal alcohol intoxication and control animals. A significant decrease in the content of TNF-α and interleukins IL-1β, IL-3, IL-6, IL-9 was established in the prefrontal cortex of male, but not female PA offspring. Importantly, PA males also showed a decrease in the level of TNF-α mRNA in the prefrontal cortex by 45% compared to the control males, which may underlie a detected decrease in its content. Taken together, our study demonstrates that a number of neuroimmune factors are regulated in a sex-specific manner in the prefrontal cortex and are differentially affected in males and females by prenatal exposure to alcohol. Sex factor must be taken into account when conducting further translational fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and developing new methods for prevention and therapy.

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I. Yu. Shamakina

Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology

Author for correspondence.
Email: shamakina.i@serbsky.ru
Russian Federation, 119002, Moscow

P. K. Anokhin

Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology; Artificial Intelligence Research Institute

Email: shamakina.i@serbsky.ru
Russian Federation, 119002, Moscow; 121170, Moscow

R. A. Ageldinov

Scientific Center for Biomedical Technologies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia

Email: shamakina.i@serbsky.ru
Russian Federation, 143442, Svetlye Gory

V. S. Kokhan

Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology

Email: shamakina.i@serbsky.ru
Russian Federation, 119002, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Relative level of IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA expression in the prefrontal cortex of control and prenatally alcoholised female and male rats. M_K, males, control group; M_PA, males, prenatally alcoholised; F_K, females, control group; F_PA, females, prenatally alcoholised. * p < 0.05 (M_PA vs. M_K, Duncan's posterior test)

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