Vol 20, No 3 (2018)

The human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection. 440 million people in the world suffer from HPV infection of the genital. During the life of HPV, 50 to 80% of the sexually active population is infected, most often in the first years of sexual activity (the maximum prevalence is between 18-30 years of age). The treatment of subclinical forms of HPV epithelial lesions in 115 patients aged 26 to 42 years with a normal colposcopic pattern and the presence of coilocytosis was performed.

Representations of the society about the use of hormonal drugs for protection from unwanted pregnancy have the features of a deeply rooted behavioral and social stigmatization. Myths and superstitions are serious an obstacle to the successful use of contraception in general and hormonal contraception in particular. The level of contraceptive literacy of students medical universities can be considered as an indicator of awareness students as a whole and is a guarantee of correct reproductive behavior of medical students. The purpose of the study is to assess the level of knowledge of medical students and their attitudes towards modern methods of contraception, including hormonal drugs. Materials and methods. The analysis of questionnaires 117 students of the IV and VI courses of medical-prophylactic and pediatric faculties of Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Ekaterinburg. The questionnaire included 25 questions. The average age of the respondents was 22.6±0.7 years. 1st group consisted of 86 girls, the 2nd group of 31 boys. Results. 74.2% of girls and 89.5% of boys dream of creating a family, but 6.4% girls and 9.4% do not plan to have children. 70.9% of young people are for civil marriage, while 63.9% of girls do not even think about such a variant of the relationship. At the onset of an unplanned pregnancy, 50% of girls and 54.8% of young students noted that they exclude the option of interruption pregnancy. The most popular method of contraception in 100% of young men is 63% of girls are condoms. 33 (38.4%) of girls prefer to use contraceptives pills. When choosing a method of contraception, the decisive factor in all respondents was the reliability of the method, the absence of side effects (100% of women and 87.1% men), as well as the availability of the method (more than 90% in both groups); p>0.05. but among the interviewed 53 (61.6%) girls do not use hormonal contraception for various reasons: 34 (64.1%) are afraid of possible complications, 14 (26.4%) prefer more traditional methods, 5 (9.4%) plan a pregnancy. Only 9.7% of medical students turn to a doctor about their contraceptive behavior. The conclusion. Three-quarters of young men are loyal with regard to civil marriage, the same the number of girls have a negative opinion on this issue. Only half students of both sexes are ready to bear pregnancy in the event of unplanned offensive. Hormonal contraception, as the most reliable only 38.4% of girls use it. The overwhelming majority fears the use of this method, which may be due to lack of awareness. Low awareness of medical university students about the feasibility and clinical features of the use of various types of hormonal contraceptives dictate need for systematic provision of timely, accurate and relevant information on family planning methods in this social group from the first courses learning.

The article presented more fully set forth the theory of occurrence of disorders of the reproductive function of women taking anti-epileptic therapy and put forward his own theory of the mechanism disorders in patients receiving valproic acid preparations.

Objective. Compare levels of biochemical and functional markers of cardiovascular risk in the molecular-genetic and autoimmune forms of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Materials and methods. The study included 68 women with POI, 49 of them - with molecular-genetic form (a subgroup IA), 16 women with autoimmune form (a subgroup IB), 3 women - idiopathic form (a subgroup IC), and 85 women with regular periods (group II - control). Hormonal profile, levels of biochemical and functional markers of endothelial dysfunction [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides, low density lipoproteins (LDL), high density lipoproteins, atherogenic index, apolipoproteins A1 and B, uric acid, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), glucose, insulin, insulin resistance index HOMA, right and left carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD)] were assessed in all the participants. Results. The levels of cholesterol, LDL, cIMT were statistically significantly increased in subgroups IA and IB compared to group II. The patients with autoimmune form of POI (subgroup IB) had statistically increased levels of cholesterol and LDL compared to group with molecular-genetic form (subgroup IA). The women in subgroup IA also had significantly increased levels of uric acid, a highly sensitive CRP, endothelin-1 and decreased brachial artery FMD in comparison with the control group. Conclusion. Molecular-genetic POI is associated with more pronounced adverse changes in the profile of cardiovascular disease risk markers.

Progesterone-containing contraceptives do not have a significant impact on metabolic processes and can be prescribed to patients with systemic (diabetes mellitus, obesity) and other diseases. Desogestrel is a part of oral preparations in a dose of 75 mcg. The main mechanism of its contraceptive action is Suppression of ovulation (in 97% of cases). The frequency of pregnancy is 0.17 for 100 women-years. Progesterone-containing contraceptives should not be considered, as preparations of the second choice when deciding on the issue of family planning. According to the recommendations of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention organization of health, desogestrel is an acceptable contraceptive option for women with somatic diseases, defined tumor pathology and thrombotic states in the anamnesis.

It was performed an analysis of literature data on the possibility of using self-sampling methods for the screening of cervical cancer. It is indicated that the slow progression of the disease, the presence of several stages of precancerous conditions and the relative accessibility of the tumor for manipulation provide opportunities for timely diagnosis and prevention of the tumor. It is reported that a number of specialists believe that an independent sampling of material for human papillomavirus analysis can be considered as an alternative method for screening cervical cancer. Using this approach will significantly increase the coverage of the population participating in screening programs. The need for further research on improving the technical aspects and assessing the clinical and economic characteristics of the application of the method of self-sampling of cervical-vaginal material to be separated in clinical and epidemiological practice was noted.

Objective. To carry out an analysis of the data available in scientific literature on modern methods of influence at endometrial receptivity in patients with recurrent implantation failure. Materials and methods. The review includes the data of foreign and Russia papers published on PubMed during the last 7-10 years. Results. There are studies described the role of endometrial scratching, infusion granulocyte colony stimulating factor, autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells, autologous platelet-rich plasma, the endometrial receptivity array in treatment for patients with repeated implantation failure. Conclusion. Several adjuvant therapies and diagnostic tests have been used along with IVF to increase the pregnancy rates for women with repeated implantation failure. Perhaps a new test-system to find personal predictors of endometrial receptivity can tern up a positive effect at patients with RIF.