Vol 16, No 4 (2014)

Analysis of the results of several studies has shown a correlation between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and bacterial vaginosis (BV), and a more frequent persistence of HPV and its recurrence until the occurrence of HPV-associated diseases. Susceptibility to HPV tropism and local immunity's ability to eliminate the infection can be changed under the influence of a number of adverse factors. One of these factors is bacterial vaginosis (BV), which gives a balanced ecosystem of the vagina and its defense mechanisms against other infections and diseases.

The study involved 49 patients aged 20 to 35 years old, seeking antenatal care with complaints about the presence of vaginal discharge, with a characteristic odor. Verification of the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis was based on clinical, laboratory examination: Amsel criteria, direct microscopic study, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in real time. Patients were divided into 2 groups, depending on the results of the clinical course and laboratory data. Group 1 consisted of 25 patients who during the PCR method in real time revealed the presence of moderate vaginal dysbiosis, with a predominance of anaerobic flora. To this group of patients Neo-Penotran® was administered for 7 days. The group 2 included 24 patients who during diagnosis by PCR revealed the presence of vaginal dysbiosis pronounced, with a predominance of mixed dysbiosis. To this group of patients, we administered a combined preparation of Neo-Penotran® Forte (7 days). The results obtained indicate the absence of relapse within 3 months after therapy. Therefore, during diagnosis and the verification of a diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis is necessary to estimate the degree of vaginal dysbacteriosis using, including but routine methods, polymerase chain reaction, real-time. Appointment of treatments for bacterial vaginosis should be commensurate with the violations of the habitat of the vagina.

Adequate folate status is a necessary condition for a normal pregnancy, the development of the fetus and child. Recent clinical studies have enhanced the classic recommendations for folic acid intake for the prevention of obstetric complications and fetal malformations. Subsidy of folic acid in the stage of pregravidal preparation and during pregnancy is an important factor in the prevention of miscarriage, premature birth, dysfunction of the fetoplacental complex, fetal malformations and birth weight of infants or immature children. The optimal dose of folate required to compensate for their lack (in addition to folate derived from food), ranges from 400 to 800 micrograms. The use of folic acid in combination with other vitamins and minerals needed during pregnancy has a better effect compared with monotherapy with folic acid. At the moment, there are drugs with structure that, instead of folic acid includes L-methylfolate. In Europe, a comparative, placebo-controlled study, which compared the effects of the use of L-methylfolate ([6S] -5-methyltetrahydrofolate) and folic acid in folate concentration in plasma and erythrocytes was recently held. These studies suggest that folic acid and methylfolate increase the concentration of folate in the blood at the same level, so it makes no sense to use methylfolate instead of folic acid, which has a broad evidence base.

N the structure of girls-teenagers gynecological pathology menstrual disorders constitute 61-63%. One of the most important and common reasons for breach of the establishment of the menstrual cycle is the presence of focus of infection. On the bases of research results authors were able to substantiate effectiveness of complex approach to a treatment with herbal remedies Tonsilgon H and Ciclodinon, what contributes to the achievement of stable remission of chronic tonsillitis, normalization of menstrual function, the elimination simptoms of dysmenorrhea.

The review deals with the effectiveness and safety of plant hormones in the treatment of menopausal syndrome. Particular attention is given to black cohosh extract as a drug with distinction from other drugs in this group thanks to its action spectrum. The results of modern studies show that black cohosh extract is not so much phytohormonal as a natural vegetotropic agent that mediates its effect through serotonergic receptors. High-performance of black cohosh extract in relieving vasomotor symptoms is confirmed by comparative, placebo-controlled trials. However, no direct interaction with estrogen receptors defines security of black cohosh extract use. Long-term use of drugs based on black cohosh extract has no effect on the endometrium proliferative processes and mammary glands. Use of black cohosh extract can be considered a viable alternative to hormone replacement therapy in cases where it is impossible or undesirable.

Objective. To develop methodological approaches to relapse prevention of HPV-associated cervical cancer. Materials and methods. 40 patients with PDT performed in age from 22 to 46 years (median 33 years) with primary cervical cancer after surgical treatment of organ volume - high conical cervicectomy: carcinoma in situ (n=18) and cervical cancer 1A1st. (n=22). Identification and differentiation of HPV DNA polymerase made chain reaction. Alasens dose (20% ointment) was 0,1 mg/cm2, Exposure time 6 hours light source - diode laser LFT-630-01-BIOSPEC. Results. Complete eradication of HPV DNA after PDT cervical stump was achieved in 38 (95%) of the women in the other two - after the 2nd PDT. Resistant antiviral effect during the whole observation period is preserved in 39 (97,5%) women. Findings. Photodynamic therapy can be recommended with the aim of antiviral treatment in the second stage after amputation knife, laser, electro-and radio-wave cone excision of the cervix, as well as alternative and radiokoagulyatsii diathermy, cryosurgery, laser vaporization method of treatment of cervical PVI. Conclusion. These data antiviral efficacy of PDT are of great interest in the light of proven etiologic role of HPV in cervical cancer development.

В Канкуне (Мексика) 1-4 мая 2014 г. состоялся 14-й Международный конгресс по менопаузе. Основные вопросы, которые обсуждались на конгрессе: возможности применения стволовых клеток и таргетного подхода к управлению дефицитом эстрогенов, эндокринные аспекты рака молочной железы (РМЖ), маммологический скрининг, канцерогенные эффекты разных эстрогенов и гестагенов, влияние менопаузы на настроение и ментальную функцию, сексуальность и здоровый секс у женщин среднего возраста, метаболический синдром и коррекция инсулинорезистентности, недержание мочи, первичная яичниковая недостаточность, перспективы применения ультранизкодозовых препаратов для гормонотерапии, управление вагинальной атрофией, лечение остеопороза.

The literature review is devoted to evaluation of possibilities of serum biomarkers and their combinations in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant adnexal masses in pregnant and nonpregnant women.

A critical consequence of chronic iodine deficiency during fetal development and early childhood is a violation of intellectual development. The need and the order of iodine prophylaxis in pregnant and lactating women identified the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Council for Control of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD - ICCIDD). Pregnant and lactating women are referred to the absolute risk of developing IDD. WHO and ICCIDD recommend prescribe potassium iodide for women during pregnancy and breast-feeding, living in areas of iodine deficiency. Order № 50 of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation from 2007 identified essential drugs for women during pregnancy and the postpartum period, which also made the preparations of potassium iodide. Russia's recommendations on the level of iodine intake by pregnant and nursing women conform to WHO recommendations. Federal standards of care for pregnant women include prescription drugs, potassium iodide.

The issue presents the possibilities of serum biomarkers and their combinations in differential diagnosis of benign, borderline and malignant adnexal masses in pregnant women.